Thursday, June 7, 2012

Save 17% Off: Values, Empathy, and Fairness across Social Barriers (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences) Review & Ratings

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Values, Empathy, and Fairness across Social Barriers (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences) Review

I have to say upfront, I'm not part of the target audience for this book. I'm not an academic and don't work in the social neuroscience / social cognition area. But I do some little social science writing and this area appeals to me, so as an educated laymen, I got a copy on inter-library loan. I'm definitely not disappointed. While there are some areas that require more expertise than I have, particularly in brain anatomy, much of the work described in these papers was quite understandable. The authors are good at realizing their readers may not be specialists in the author's area, so they take the time to explain concepts. E.g., if you don't know what the ultimatum game is, you certainly will after reading this, as several of the authors refer to it -- and explain it.
Here's a list of the papers:
Tobena - Lethal Altruists: Itineraries along the Dark Outskirts of Moralist Prosociality
Fiske - From Dehumanization and Objectification to Rehumanization: Neuroimaging Studies on the Building Blocks of Empathy
Kross - When the Self Becomes Other: Toward an Integrative Understanding of the Processes Distinguishing Adaptive Self-reflection from Rumination
Singer & Steinbeis - Differential Roles of Fairness- and Compassion-Based Motivations for Cooperation, Defection, and Punishment
Burnett & Blakemore - The Development of Adolescent Social Cognition
Navarro - Genoecomics: Promises and Caveats for a New Field
Cesarini et al - Experimental Game Theory and Behavior Genetics
Crockett - The Neurochemistry of Fairness: Clarifying the Link between Serotonin and Prosocial Behavior
Ebstein et al - Arginine Vasopressin and Oxytocin Modulate Human Social Behavior
Knafo et al - Empathy in Early Childhood: Genetic, Environment and Affective Contributions
Ginges and Atran - What Motivates Participation in Violent Political Action: Selective Incentives or Parochial Altruism
van Vugt - Sex Differences in Intergroup Competition, Aggression, and Warfare; The Male Warrior Hypothesis
Hassin et al - Precis of Implicit Nationalism
Nir and Knafo - Reason within passion: Values as Motivational Anchors of Israeli Opinion on the 2006 Lebanon War and Ceasefire
Alderdice - Sacred Values: Psychological and Anthropological Perspectives on Fairness, Fundamentalism, and Terrorism
Chiao et al - Neural Basis of Preference for Human Social Hierarchy
Barraza and Zak - Empathy toward Strangers Triggers Oxytocin Release and Subsequent Generosity
Seip et al - On Hotheads and Dirty Harries: The Primacy of Anger in Altruistic Punishment
Guroglu et al - Neural Correlates of Social Decision Making and Relationships: A Development Perspective
Duno et al - Suicidality Connected with Mentalizing Anomalies in Schizophrenia: A Study with Stabliized Outpatients
Soliva et al - Neurobiological Substrates of Social Cognition Imparirment in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Gathering Insights from Seven Structures and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies
Hadzibeganovic et al - Agent-based Computer Simulations of Language Choice Dynamics
Tofalvy and Viciana - The Use of Supernatural Enties in Moral Conversations as a Cultural-Psychological Attractor
These papers do a good job of summarizing the literature in their topic. The References page after each paper typically lists a good two dozen books and articles, so you know where to go to focus down further.
Every reader will have his own favorites based on his own interests. So the ones I like may or may not mean much to you. But, anyway, I have to mention the John Alderdice paper. Alderdice, who is both a UK politician and a psychiatrist, and has spent a lot of time in Northern Ireland, offers insights on terrorism that are hard to come by in the U.S. mass media. The Mark van Vugt paper is a great discussion of male-female attitude differences towards war. The Chiao (et al) paper links social dominance to preferences for hierarchical systems, and empathy to preferences for more egalitarian systems. The Tofalvy-Viciana paper beings by offering the concept of a human desire to have natural phenomena explained by intentional activity on someone's part, and how religion offers that kind of explanation. (No need for a "God gene".)
This book would be a great acquisition for college libraries.

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